Tuesday, December 8, 2009
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Thursday, December 3, 2009
Eric First Post
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Tuesday, December 1, 2009
Becca's Second Post
How do waste and materials relate to economics?
You might be familiar with the first and second laws of thermodynamics which state (1) that matter and energy can neither be created nor destroyed and (2) that nature's capacity to convert energy and matter is limited. This applies directly to economics because it implies that for every resource we use in economic activity (inputs) a residual is left behind and how we manage inputs in the production process is very important. How resource intensive an economic activity is can effect environmental quality and economic outputs, because remember we have a finite amount of natural resources, but with good management we can hopefully reuse them and come up with greater efficiency and market allocation.
How does population effect pollution and economics?
As many of may know the earth has around 7 billion people on it, and as population increases, we are using more and more resources to feed, educate, provide jobs and transportation, and supply goods to these people. But as population increases, we also experience higher amounts of waste and need more places to either store this waste or convert it into something useful that we can reuse. A lot of people think that the world population is increasing and it will become unmanageable for the environment to support us. However, there is a lot of data that supports that world population growth is slowing, especially in some countries such as the US and parts of the developing world, as more people are able to attain higher levels of education and are either having children later or less than in the past. If you would like to watch a quick video on population growth over the span of human history search "population growth" on youtube and watch as human population grows since 2000BC to 2030 AD. Keep in mind that with a greater population, our quality of life will be effected as there will likely be more pollution, less resources to go around such as food, and more sprawl.
As more of these people demand goods and services there will be more waste associated with a rise in per capita gross national product, or as they become more educated or attain higher paying jobs they will likely buy more and more waste will be generated. Countries that are located on islands, such as Japan, have higher rates of municipal waste recovery because they have less space to otherwise let it decompose. It is in the best interests of society to recover municipal wastes because they can pose health effects through threatening water systems, be unsightly, and release toxins into the environment. However, in some communities it is cheaper to not recycle wastes because the costs of doing so (recovering, transportation, sorting, processing, reusing) are much greater than sending waste to landfills.
How do you feel about how waste and recycling relate to economics and what do you think society can do differently?